Acknowledgement |
i |
1. |
Objectives |
1 |
2. |
Introduction 746kb |
2 |
|
2.1 |
Fischer-Tropsch Background |
2 |
2.2 |
The Shift Reaction |
5 |
2.3 |
Reaction Mechanism |
6 |
2.4 |
Carbon Number Selectivity in Liquid-Phase
Fischer-Tropsch |
12 |
2.5 |
Other Fischer-Tropsch Selectivities |
15 |
2.6 |
Description of the Iron Fischer-Tropsch
Catalysts |
16 |
2.7 |
Clusters as Catalyst Analogies |
20 |
2.8 |
Fischer-Tropsch Reactor |
22 |
3. |
Experimental Summary 1112kb |
28 |
|
3.1 |
Contract Task 1.2. Precipitated Catalyst
Preparation Method Development |
28 |
|
3.1.1 |
Introduction |
28 |
3.1.2 |
Catalyst Preparation Method |
28 |
3.2 |
Contract Task 1.3. Novel Catalyst Preparation
Methods Investigation |
32 |
|
3.2.1 |
Introduction |
32 |
3.2.2 |
Use of Organo-Potassium Compounds |
32 |
3.2.3 |
Novel Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst |
35 |
3.2.4 |
Oil-Formed Iron Oxide Spheres From a Sol-Gel Route |
36 |
3.3 |
Contract Task 3.3. Catalyst Activation |
38 |
|
3.3.1 |
Introduction |
38 |
3.3.2 |
Activation with Synthesis Gas |
39 |
3.3.3 |
Activation with Carbon Monoxide |
40 |
3.4 |
Contract Task 1.5. Catalyst Characterization |
42 |
|
3.4.1 |
Introduction |
42 |
3.4.2 |
Characterization of Catalyst Withdrawn During Fifty Hour
Run |
42 |
3.4.3 |
Silicon vs. Silicon-Free Oxides: Mechanical Strength |
44 |
3.5 |
Contract Task 2.0. Catalyst Testing |
44 |
|
3.5.1 |
Introduction |
44 |
3.5.2 |
The Catalyst Testing Procedure |
45 |
3.5.3 |
Certification of the Slurry Autoclave Testing Procedure |
48 |
3.5.4 |
Evaluation of Reference Ruhr Chemie Catalyst |
50 |
3.5.5 |
Comparison of Catalysts From Identical Precipitation Runs |
50 |
3.5.6 |
Comparison of Catalysts From the Same Oxide
but With Different Levels of Potassium |
51 |
3.5.7 |
Evaluation of Potassium Laurate-Promoted Catalysts |
53 |
3.5.8 |
Evaluation of Organo-Potassium Compound |
60 |
3.5.9 |
Effect of Catalyst Particle Size on Performance |
63 |
3.5.10 |
Evaluation of a Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst |
64 |
3.5.11 |
Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide-Activated Catalysts |
64 |
3.5.12 |
Evaluation of UCI Catalysts: Crossover to Slurry Bubble
Reactor |
66 |
4 |
Results and Discussion 238kb |
68 |
5. |
Conclusions and Future Directions 102kb |
76 |
Figures
|
80 |
Appendices |
244 |
References |
297 |
Attachment
|
303 |