| Acknowledgement | 
      i | 
    
    
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		 1.  | 
      
		 Objectives   | 
      1 | 
    
    
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		 2.  | 
      
		 Introduction  746kb  | 
      2 | 
    
    
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		 2.1  | 
      
		 Fischer-Tropsch Background  | 
      2 | 
    
    
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		 2.2  | 
      
		 The Shift Reaction  | 
      5 | 
    
    
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		 2.3  | 
      
		 Reaction Mechanism  | 
      6 | 
    
    
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		 2.4  | 
      
		 Carbon Number Selectivity in Liquid-Phase
        Fischer-Tropsch  | 
      12 | 
    
    
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		 2.5  | 
      
		 Other Fischer-Tropsch Selectivities  | 
      15 | 
    
    
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		 2.6  | 
      
		 Description of the Iron Fischer-Tropsch
        Catalysts  | 
      16 | 
    
    
      | 
		 2.7  | 
      
		 Clusters as Catalyst Analogies  | 
      20 | 
    
    
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		 2.8  | 
      
		 Fischer-Tropsch Reactor  | 
      22 | 
    
    
      | 
		 3.  | 
      
		 Experimental Summary 1112kb  | 
      28 | 
    
    
      |   | 
      
		 3.1  | 
      
		 Contract Task 1.2. Precipitated Catalyst
        Preparation Method Development  | 
      28 | 
    
    
      |   | 
      
		 3.1.1  | 
      
		 Introduction  | 
      28 | 
    
    
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		 3.1.2  | 
      
		 Catalyst Preparation Method  | 
      28 | 
    
    
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		 3.2  | 
      
		 Contract Task 1.3. Novel Catalyst Preparation
        Methods Investigation  | 
      32 | 
    
    
      |   | 
      
		 3.2.1  | 
      
		 Introduction  | 
      32 | 
    
    
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		 3.2.2  | 
      
		 Use of Organo-Potassium Compounds  | 
      32 | 
    
    
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		 3.2.3  | 
      
		 Novel Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst  | 
      35 | 
    
    
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		 3.2.4  | 
      
		 Oil-Formed Iron Oxide Spheres From a Sol-Gel Route  | 
      36 | 
    
    
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		 3.3  | 
      
		 Contract Task 3.3. Catalyst Activation  | 
      38 | 
    
    
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		 3.3.1  | 
      
		 Introduction  | 
      38 | 
    
    
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		 3.3.2  | 
      
		 Activation with Synthesis Gas  | 
      39 | 
    
    
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		 3.3.3  | 
      
		 Activation with Carbon Monoxide  | 
      40 | 
    
    
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		 3.4  | 
      
		 Contract Task 1.5. Catalyst Characterization  | 
      42 | 
    
    
      |   | 
      
		 3.4.1  | 
      
		 Introduction  | 
      42 | 
    
    
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		 3.4.2  | 
      
		 Characterization of Catalyst Withdrawn During Fifty Hour
        Run  | 
      42 | 
    
    
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		 3.4.3  | 
      
		 Silicon vs. Silicon-Free Oxides: Mechanical Strength  | 
      44 | 
    
    
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		 3.5  | 
      
		 Contract Task 2.0. Catalyst Testing  | 
      44 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.1  | 
      
		 Introduction  | 
      44 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.2  | 
      
		 The Catalyst Testing Procedure  | 
      45 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.3  | 
      
		 Certification of the Slurry Autoclave Testing Procedure  | 
      48 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.4  | 
      
		 Evaluation of Reference Ruhr Chemie Catalyst  | 
      50 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.5  | 
      
		 Comparison of Catalysts From Identical Precipitation Runs  | 
      50 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.6  | 
      
		 Comparison of Catalysts From the Same Oxide
        but With Different Levels of Potassium  | 
      51 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.7  | 
      
		 Evaluation of Potassium Laurate-Promoted Catalysts  | 
      53 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.8  | 
      
		 Evaluation of Organo-Potassium Compound  | 
      60 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.9  | 
      
		 Effect of Catalyst Particle Size on Performance  | 
      63 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.10  | 
      
		 Evaluation of a Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst  | 
      64 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.11  | 
      
		 Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide-Activated Catalysts  | 
      64 | 
    
    
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		 3.5.12  | 
      
		 Evaluation of UCI Catalysts: Crossover to Slurry Bubble
        Reactor  | 
      66 | 
    
    
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		 4  | 
      
		 Results and Discussion 238kb  | 
      68 | 
    
    
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		 5.  | 
      
		 Conclusions and Future Directions 102kb  | 
      76 | 
    
    
      | Figures
        
       | 
      80 | 
    
    
      | Appendices | 
      244 | 
    
    
      | References | 
      297 | 
    
    
      | Attachment
        
       | 
      303 |