Return to DOE Report Table of Contents

Technology Development for Iron F-T Catalysts. Final Report - 1994

Frame, R. R.
Gala, H. B.

UOP, Inc.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgement i

1.

Objectives 

1

2.

Introduction  746kb

2
 

2.1

Fischer-Tropsch Background

2

2.2

The Shift Reaction

5

2.3

Reaction Mechanism

6

2.4

Carbon Number Selectivity in Liquid-Phase Fischer-Tropsch

12

2.5

Other Fischer-Tropsch Selectivities

15

2.6

Description of the Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts

16

2.7

Clusters as Catalyst Analogies

20

2.8

Fischer-Tropsch Reactor

22

3.

Experimental Summary 1112kb

28
 

3.1

Contract Task 1.2. Precipitated Catalyst Preparation Method Development

28
 

3.1.1

Introduction

28

3.1.2

Catalyst Preparation Method

28

3.2

Contract Task 1.3. Novel Catalyst Preparation Methods Investigation

32
 

3.2.1

Introduction

32

3.2.2

Use of Organo-Potassium Compounds

32

3.2.3

Novel Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst

35

3.2.4

Oil-Formed Iron Oxide Spheres From a Sol-Gel Route

36

3.3

Contract Task 3.3. Catalyst Activation

38
 

3.3.1

Introduction

38

3.3.2

Activation with Synthesis Gas

39

3.3.3

Activation with Carbon Monoxide

40

3.4

Contract Task 1.5. Catalyst Characterization

42
 

3.4.1

Introduction

42

3.4.2

Characterization of Catalyst Withdrawn During Fifty Hour Run

42

3.4.3

Silicon vs. Silicon-Free Oxides: Mechanical Strength

44

3.5

Contract Task 2.0. Catalyst Testing

44
 

3.5.1

Introduction

44

3.5.2

The Catalyst Testing Procedure

45

3.5.3

Certification of the Slurry Autoclave Testing Procedure

48

3.5.4

Evaluation of Reference Ruhr Chemie Catalyst

50

3.5.5

Comparison of Catalysts From Identical Precipitation Runs

50

3.5.6

Comparison of Catalysts From the Same Oxide but With Different Levels of Potassium

51

3.5.7

Evaluation of Potassium Laurate-Promoted Catalysts

53

3.5.8

Evaluation of Organo-Potassium Compound

60

3.5.9

Effect of Catalyst Particle Size on Performance

63

3.5.10

Evaluation of a Metal Oxalate-Derived Catalyst

64

3.5.11

Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide-Activated Catalysts

64

3.5.12

Evaluation of UCI Catalysts: Crossover to Slurry Bubble Reactor

66

4

Results and Discussion 238kb

68

5.

Conclusions and Future Directions 102kb

76
Figures 80
Appendices 244
References 297
Attachment 303