Executive Summary

16

1.

Introduction

1-1

Background

1-1

Objectives

1-1

Auditing

1-2

Project Organization

1-5

Report Organization

1-5

2.

Site Description

34

Power Plant Configuration

2-1

Process Description:  Major Process Streams

2-1

CT-121 Wet FGD System

2-1

Ash and Cooling System

2-4

ESP Design

2-4

Process Description: Sampling Locations

2-4

Flue Gas Sample Streams

2-8

Solid Sample Streams

2-8

Liquid Sample Streams

2-9

Plant Operating Conditions

2-10

Problems

2-19

Deviations from Sampling Plan

2-19

References

2-19

3.

Sampling Collection

53

Sampling Schedule

3-1

Gas Samples

3-4

Liquid Samples

3-4

Solid Samples

3-4

Process Stream Flow Rates

3-11

References

3-11

4

Sampling Preparation and Analysis Methods

66

5.

Analytical Results

84

Gases

5-1

Flue Gas Particle Size Distribution Results

5-12

ESP Hopper Particle Size Distribution Results

5-12

FDG System

5-15

Solids

5-15

Liquids

5-15

6.

Data Evaluation and Analysis

112

Evaluation of Sampling Techniques

6-1

Evaluation of Analytical Techniques

6-2

Semivolatile Organics

6-3

Volatiles Organics

6-3

Aldehydes

6-4

Metals

6-4

Anions

6-5

Cyanide, Ammonia, and Phosphate

6-5

Evaluation of Process Operation

6-5

Data Analysis:  Mass Balances, Removal Efficiencies, and Emission Factors

6-6

Mass Balances

6-13

Emission Factors

6-19

Removal Efficiencies

6-19

Organic Compound Results

6-19

7.

Comparison of Vapor and Particulate Composition

136

8.

Distribution of HAPs as a function of particulate size in the flue gas and the Particle size distribution of the ESP

143

Collection and Analytical Methods

8-1

Particle Size Distribution and Fractional Efficiency

8-2

Predicted ESP Performance

8-7

Metals Removal Across ESP

8-11

Four Metals with Higher Penetration than the average

8-15

Hopper Distribution

8-18

References

8-22

9.

Mercury Methods Comparison and Speciation Determinations

165

Sample Collection and Analysis

9-1

Methods and Conditions

9-1

Samples Collected

9-3

Methods and Conditions

9-1

Samples Collected

9-3

Data Analysis

9-3

References

9-7

10.

Hexavalent Chronium Determinations

175

Introduction

10-1

Sample Collection and Analysis

10-1

Data Analysis

10-2

References

10-2

11.

Determinations of Toxics on Particle Surfaces

11-1

177

Sample Collection and Analysis

11-2

Sample Collection

11-2

Sample Preparation and Analysis

11-2

Data Analysis

11-6

ESP Fly Ash

11-6

Stack Gas Particulate Matter

11-9

References

11-12

Appendices

A

Quality Assurance Audits

A-1

189

B

Sampling Protocol

B-1

220

C

Sample Calculations

C-1

232

D

Quality Assurance / Quality Control

D-1

454

E

Analytical Protocol

E-1

478

F

Error Propagation and Uncertainty Calculations

F-1

531

G

Treatment of Nondetects, Values Outside of the Calibration Range, and Blands

G-1

538

H

Detailed Analytical Results

H-1

541

I

Development of Mass Balance Equations and Example Calculations

I-1

672