Disclaimer

i

Abstract

ii

Executive Summary

vii

1.

Introduction

1

1.1

Background Information

1

1.2

Gasification Based Cofiring Concept

2

1.3

Western Kentucky Energy Case

2

1.4

TXU Energy Case

4

1.5

Primenergy Gasifier

4

1.6

PHASE I Organization, Tasks, and Schedule

6

2.

Technology Evaluation

10

2.1

Overview of Co-Firing Technology

10

2.1.1

Low Percentage Co-firing

10

2.1.2

Direct Combustion Co-firing with Separate Feed Systems

10

2.1.3

Issues Remaining to be resolved with Co-Firing

11

2.2

Gasification Technologies

12

2.3

Hot Gas Filtration System

14

2.4

Environmental Impact of Gasification

14

2.4.1

Comparison of Coal v/s Litter Burn

16

3.

Project Evaluation

18

3.1

WKE Case

18

3.1.1

WKE Reid Plant

18

3.1.2

Reid Plant Boiler Data

20

3.1.3

Gasifier Material and Energy Balance

20

3.1.4

Gasifier Boiler Integration

22

3.1.5

Overall Plant Energy Balance

23

3.1.6

Solids Handling Systems

24

3.1.7

Permit Issues

25

3.1.8

Fuel Contracts

28

3.1.9

Major Equipment List

29

3.1.10

Equipment Layout

31

3.2

TXU Energy Case

32

3.2.1

TXU Monticello Plant

32

3.2.2

Monticello Unit 1 Boiler Data

33

3.2.3

Gasifier Material and Energy Balance

34

3.2.4

Gasifier Boiler Integration

36

3.2.5

Overall Plant Energy Balance

36

3.2.6

Solids Handling Systems

37

3.2.7

Permit Issues

41

3.2.8

Fuel Contracts

43

3.2.9

Major Equipment List

43

3.2.10

Gasification Plant Layout

45

4.

Economic Analysis

46

4.1

Reid Plant Case

46

4.1.1

Capital and O&M Cost Estimates

46

4.1.2

Financial Pro Forma

48

4.1.3

Sensitivity Analysis for Reid Plant Case

49

4.2

Monticello Unit 1 Case

52

4.2.1

Capital and O&M Cost Estimate

52

4.2.2

Financial Pro Forma

55

4.2.3

Sensitivity Analysis for Monticello Case

56

5.

Results and Discussion

57

5.1

Infrastructure/Fuel Supply and Alternative Fuels

57

5.2

Merits of the Project

58

5.2.1

Energy Benefits and Impacts

58

5.2.2

Environmental Benefits and Impacts

58

5.2.3

Economic Benefits and Impacts

59

5.2.4

Infrastructure/Fuel Supply Benefits and Impacts

60

5.3

Project Sustainability and Opportunities for Replication

60

6.

Conclusions

62

7.

References & Bibliography

65

7.1

65

Appendices - TOC

67

A – WKE Case

78

B - TXU

96

Part 3, Pages 115 - 164, 2.17 MB

C – BB Power Report on Boiler Penetrations

115