Translations of German Documents on the Development of Iron Catalysts for the Development of Iron Catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis--Part II

Leva, Max
Atwell, H. V.

Table of Contents 175kb

Page

Foreword

5

TOM Reel 101 Doc. PG-21576-NID, "Process for the Production of Hydrocarbons (Patent Application)" 163kb

Introduction 6
Scope of Present Invention 6
Operating Conditions 8
Induction 8
Synthesis 8
Example 9
Claims 10

TOM Reel 101 Doc. PG-21578-NID, "The Middle-Pressure Synthesis with Iron Catalysts, Sept, 9, 1939" 738kb

Introduciton 11
Historical Development 11
Results of the Present Study 14
Arrangement of the Apparatus 14
Preparation of the Catalyst 15
Methods of Preparation 15
Standard Catalyst 15
The Synthesis Gas 15
Pressure and Temperature Variation 17
Durability of the Catalysts 17
Reaction Products 18
Yields 18
Nature of Reaction Products 19
Summary 20

"Middle-Pressure Synthesis with Iron Catalysts"  (A Summary)

Introduction 21
Factors Influencing the Synthesis at Lower Temperatures 22
Catalyst 22
Induction of the Catalyst 22
Operating Pressures 22
Synthesis Gas Composition 22
Reaction Products 23
Multistage Operation 24

TOM Reel 101 Doc. PG-21579-NID, "Investigation of the Reaction Water Obtained from Middle-Pressure Synthesis Experiments with Iron Catalysts and Hydrogen-Rich Starting Gas, F. Weinrotter, April 30, 1941" 407kb

Preliminary Observations 24
Quantitative Determination of the Alcohols and Fatty Acids in the Reation Water 25
Saponification 25
Analysis of Saponification Fraction Boiling Below 100ºC 25
Analysis of Saponification Fraction Boiling Above 100ºC 25
Further Tests 26
TOM Reel 134, Navy 5811, Item IB-23 (First half), "Hydrocarbon Synthesis with Iron Catalysts, Leuna Works, April 5, 1940" 447kb
Introduction 27
Catalysts 27
Description of Converters 27
Composition of Synthesis Gas 28
Influence of Mode of Reduction Upon Catalyst Activity 28
Influence of Various Conditions Upon the Nature of the Synthesis Products 29
Influence of the Catalyst 30
Influence of Space Velocity 30
Influence of Temperature 31
Influence of Pressure 31
Composition of the Synthesis Products 31
Comparison Between Products from Cobalt and Those from Iron Catalysts 31
Effect of Olefin Content Upon Octane Number of the Penzine Praction 32
Effect of Olefin Content Upon Boiling Point of Products 32
Behavior of Various Iron Catalysts 34
General Considerations 34
Product:  Water Ration 35
Branched Chains and Octane Number 36
X-Ray Investigations of Iron Catalysts 36
Yields from Semi-Plant Scale Experiments 37
Two-stage Operation 38
TOM Reel 86, Bag 3979, Item 78, "Experiences with the Semi-Commercial Synol Research Plant ME458, Report No. 472/44A, Leuna Works, October 10, 1944". 424kb
Introductory Remarks 41
Catalyst Reduction 41
Description of Apparatus 41
Reduction Procedure 42
Storage of the Reduced Catalyst 45
Synthesis Unit 46
Starting, Interrupting, and Stopping the Synthesis 46
Plate Reactors 47
High-Pressure Water Washing 47
Active Carbon Plant 47
Distillation 47
Present Status of Synol Synthesis and Schedule for Expansion and Improvements 47
Manner of Operation 48
Recycle operation (Characteristics) 48
Effect of CO2 Formation on Conversion 48
Life of Catalyst 48
Products 49
Space Velocity 49
Separation of Products 49
Summary of Recycle Operation 49
Recycle and "Sumpf" Phase 50
Conversion and Yields 52
Catalysts 53
Influence of Reduction Conditions on Activity 53
Influence of Particle Size on Activity 54
Influence of Fused vs. Precipitated Catalyst Form on Activity 55
Effect of Catalyst Composition on Synthesis Products 56
Oven Construction and Different Technical Details 57
Appendix 106kb 60
Illustrations
Figure Following
     Page   

TOM Reel 101, Doc. PG-21578-NID

1 Variation of Contraction with Time 17
2 Increase of Temperature with Time 18
3 Variation in Reaction Temperature with Synthesis Gas Composition 23
4 Variation in Yield with Synthesis Gas Composition 23

TOM Reel 101, Doc. 21579-NID

5 Analysis of Reaction Water After Saponification (Microdistillation of a 10 cc. Portion of the Fraction Boiling Below 100ºC.) 25
6 Analysis of Reaction Water (Distillation of Fraction Boiling Below 100ºC.) 26
7 Variation in Temperature with Synthesis Gas Composition 26
8 Variation in Yield with Synthesis Gas Composition 26

TOM Reel 134, Navy 5811, Item IB-23 (First half)

9 Influence of Space Velocity Upon the Boiling Range of the Reaction Products 31
10 Influence of Temperature 31
11 Comparison Between Products from Cobalt and Iron Catalysts 31
12 Relationship Between the Olefin Content, as Determined by the Iodine Number, and Boiling Range 32
13 Boiling Range of Products from Hydrocarbon Synthesis 39

TOM Reel 86, Bag 3979, Item 78

14 Scheme for Catalyst Reduction 41
15 Temperature Record During the Drying Period of the Silica Gel 43
16 Temperature Differences Between the Center of the Catalyst Reduction Vessel and the Outlet at Various Times 44
17 Description of Original Synthesis Unit 46
18 Description of Most Recent Synthesis Unit 46
19 Description of the Plate-Oven Synthesis Unit 57

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1 The Bureau of Mines will welcome reprinting of this paper, provided the following acknowledgment is used:  "Reprinted from Bureau of Mines I. C. ____".

2 Chemical Engineer, Research and Development Division, Bureau of Mines, Central Experiment Station, PIttsburgh, Pa.

3 Research Chemist, The Texas Company, Beacon, New York.