|
Page |
Section
1
1037kb |
|
List of Tables |
v |
|
List of Figures |
viii |
|
Abstract |
xiii |
| I. |
Objective and Scope of Work |
I-1 |
| II.
|
Executive Summary |
II-1 |
| 1. |
Summary of Accomplishments |
II-1 |
| 2. |
Recommendations for Future Work |
II-6 |
| III.
|
Introduction |
III-1 |
| 1. |
Summary of Previous Work with Iron Catalyst |
III-2 |
| 2. |
Overview |
III-6 |
| IV.
|
Experimental |
IV-1 |
| 1. |
Fixed Bed and slurry Reactor Systems |
IV-1 |
| 2.
|
Experimental Procedure and Product Collection |
IV-6 |
| 2.1 |
Fixed Bed Operating Procedure |
IV-6 |
| 2.2 |
Slurry Reactor Operating Procedure |
IV-6 |
| 3.
|
Product Analysis Scheme |
IV-7 |
| 3.1 |
Response Factors and Retention Times |
IV-9 |
| 4. |
Data Reduction System |
IV-10 |
| 5. |
Coding System for Runs |
IV-12 |
Section
2
1154kb |
V.
|
Task 2. Slurry Catalyst Development |
V-1 |
| 1.
|
Activation/Reduction Procedure Research |
V-1 |
| 1.1 |
Literature Review |
V-1 |
| 1.2 |
Experimental Procedure |
V-3 |
| 1.3 |
Results |
V-3 |
| 1.4 |
Discussion |
V-23 |
| 1.5 |
Related Studies |
V-28 |
| 1.6 |
Additional Tests with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst |
V-28 |
| 1.7 |
Activation Studies with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
V-30 |
| 1.8 |
Summary |
V-33 |
Section
3
946kb |
2.
|
Promoter Effect Research |
V-36 |
| 2.1
|
Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Hydrogen Activated
Catalysts |
V-36 |
|
2.1.1 |
Literature Review |
V-36 |
|
2.1.2 |
Experimental Procedure |
V-37 |
|
2.1.3 |
Results and Discussion |
V-38 |
Section
4
1127kb |
2.1.4 |
Summary |
V-62 |
| 2.2
2.3 |
Fixed Bed Reactor Tests of Catalysts Activated with
Carbon Monoxide |
V-62 |
|
Promoter Effect/Kinetic Studies in Stirred Tank Slurry
Reactors |
V-63 |
|
2.3.1 |
Run SA-05-2957 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst |
V-68 |
|
2.3.2 |
Run SA-25-3657 with the 100 Fe/3.0 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst |
V-77 |
|
2.3.3 |
Run SB-07-0458 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
V-81 |
|
2.3.4 |
Run SB-07-0468 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
V-88 |
|
2.3.5 |
Summary |
V-97 |
Section
5
943kb |
3.
|
Slurry Reactor Kinetic Studies |
V-98 |
| 3.1 |
Kinetics Background |
V-98 |
| 3.2 |
Results and Discussion |
V-110 |
| 3.3 |
Summary |
V-129 |
Section
6
391kb |
4.
|
Binder/Support Effect Research |
V-134 |
| 4.1 |
Results and Discussion |
V-135 |
| 4.2 |
Summary |
V-145 |
Section
7
1185kb |
VI.
|
Task 3. Process Evaluation Research |
VI-1 |
| 1.
|
Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Silica Containing Catalysts |
VI-1 |
| 1.1 |
Run FA-63-1308 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/8 SiO2
Catalyst |
VI-1 |
| 1.2 |
Run FB-99-1588 with the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 Catalyst |
VI-10 |
| 1.3 |
Run FB-66-1948 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/24 SiO2
Catalyst |
VI-14 |
| 2.
|
Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Unsupported Precipitated
Iron Catalysts |
VI-25 |
| 2.1 |
Runs FA-15-1698/FA-15-1768 with the 100 Fe/1 Cu/0.2 K
Catalyst |
VI-25 |
| 2.2 |
Runs FB-27-2438/FA-27-2518 with the 100 Fe/3
Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
VI-29 |
Section
8
755kb |
3.
|
Stirred Tank Slurry Reactor Tests with Silica Containing
Catalysts |
VI-40 |
| 3.1 |
Run SA-99-0888 with the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 Catalyst |
VI-40 |
| 3.2 |
Run SB-66-2468 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/24 SiO2
Catalyst |
VI-48 |
Section
9
406kb |
4.
|
Stirred Tank Slurry Reactor Tests with Unsupported
Precipitated Iron Catalysts |
VI-60 |
| 4.1 |
Run SB-27-2168 with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
VI-60 |
| 4.2 |
Run SB-25.2-2878 with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst |
VI-69 |
| 5. |
Summary |
|
Section
10
673kb |
VII.
|
Catalyst Synthesis and Characterization Methods |
VII-1 |
| 1. |
Catalyst Preparation and Analysis |
VII-1 |
| 2. |
Reduction Studies |
VII-5 |
| 3. |
Surface Characterization |
VII-11 |
| 4.
|
Summary of Results and Discussions |
VII-14 |
| 4.1 |
Reduction Behavior of Precipitated Iron Catalysts |
VII-14 |
| 4.2 |
The Oxidation States of Surface Iron |
VII-24 |
| 5. |
Conclusions |
VII-26 |
Section
11
623kb |
VIII.
|
Task 4. Economic Evaluation |
VIII-1 |
| 1.
|
Executive Summary |
VIII-1 |
| 1.1 |
Background |
VIII-1 |
| 1.2 |
Synthesis Gas Production |
VIII-3 |
| 1.3 |
F-T Synthesis and Product Upgrading |
VIII-3 |
| 2. |
Introduction/Background |
VIII-5 |
| 3. |
Scope of the Present Study |
VIII-6 |
| 4. |
Catalyst Comparison |
VIII-9 |
| 5. |
Synthesis Gas Production |
VIII-9 |
| 6. |
Capital Investment |
VIII-12 |
| 7. |
Required Revenues |
VIII-12 |
| 8. |
Product Revenues |
VIII-15 |
| 9. |
Results |
VIII-15 |
| |
IX.
|
References 205kb |
IX-1 |
Appendices
1091kb |
Appendix 1. - 1985 Economic Evaluation Report |
A.1-1 |
|
Appendix 2. - Revised Product Cost Summary |
A.2-1 |
