Abstract

1

1

Introduction

2

1.1

Catalyst Activity Maintenance in Single-Step Syngas-to-DME Processes

2

1.2

Preparation of Aluminum Phosphate as Catalysts - Literature Review

4

2

Experimental

7

2.1

Life Test Experiments

7

2.2

Catalyst Preparation

8

3

Stable AlPO₄-Containing Dual Catalyst Systems

9

3.1

Stable Results

9

3.2

Preparation of Aluminum Phosphate Samples with Good Activity and Stability

16

3.3

Rate of Catalyst Deactivation as a Function of Reaction Temperature

18

4

Investigation of Preparation Parameters

20

4.1

Starting Aluminum Salts

20

4.2

Precipitation Conditions

21

4.3

Al:P Ratio

21

4.4

Maturing Time of the Precipitate

22

4.5

Washing Procedures

23

4.6

Calcination Temperature and Ramp Rate

26

4.7

Post Treatment: Nitridation

28

4.8

Aluminum Phosphate in Supported Form

29

5

Mechanistic Discussion

31

5.1

Hypothesis 1: Uniformity

31

5.2

Hypothesis 2: Contamination

32

6

Summary and Retrospect

33

References

34