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Petroleum Versus Alternate - Source Fuel Effects on Light-Duty Diesel Emissions - 1983

Bykowski, Bruce B.

Southwest Research Institute

Report (1 - 88, 4.1 MB)
Appendices (89 - 168, 2.43 MB)

Table of Contents

FOREWORD iii
ABSTRACT iv
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES ix

I

INTRODUCTION 1
II SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 3
III TEST VEHICLE AND FUELS 5
 

A

Test Vehicle 5

B

Test Fuels 6
IV INSTRUMENTATION AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 9
 

A

Vehicle Operating and Smoke Measurements 9
B Regulated and Unregulated Gaseous Emissions 9
C Particulate Collection, Mass Rate, and Aerodynamic Sizing 10
D Analysis of Particulate Composition 12
E Analysis of the Soluble Fraction of Particulate Matter 12
V

TEST PLANS AND OPERATING SCHEDULE

15
  A Vehicle Test Plan 15
B Quality Assurance Project Plan 15
C Statistical Analysis Test Plan 18
VI

GASEOUS AND PARTICULATE EMISSION RESULTS

19
  A Regulated Gaseous and Particulate Emissions Results 19
B Aldehyde and Phenol Results 20
C Results of Odor Analysis 21
D Visible Smoke Emissions 21
E Particulate Size Distribution 24
F Analsysi of Particule Composition 24
G Composition of Organic Solubles in Particulate Matter 25
H Gas Chromatograph "Boiling Range" Analysis of Organic Solubles 26
I Fractionation by Relative Polarity 27
J Benzo(a)pyrene (B&P) in Organic Solubles 30
K Mutagenic Activity by Ames Testing 31
VII

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FUEL AND EMISSION DATA

33
  A Statistical Methodology 33
B Raw Data Acquisition 38
C Selection of Variables and Study Identification 38
D Data Normalization 39
E Scattergrams of Select Variables 46
F Additional Comments 68
 
REFERENCES 77
 
APPENDICES
  A Scope of Work, Work Assignment No. 5, Contract 68-03-3073
B Test Vehicle Baseline Check
C Gaseous and Particulate Emission Results
D Statistical Analysis Results
E Scattergrams