Foreword

1

Objective and Scope of Work

2

Summary of Progress to Date

2

Review of Prior Work

2

Unit Construction

2

Data Collection

3

Review of Prior Work

3

Hydrodynamics of Fluidization

4

Liquid/Solid Fluidization

4

Vertical Gas/Liquid Flow

5

Gas/Liquid/Solid Fluidization

7

Experimental Techniques for Multiphase Systems

9

External Techniques

9

Gamma-Ray Scans

9

Sonic Methods

9

Tracers

9

Techniques Internal to the Reactor

10

Light Probes

10

Impedance and Conductivity Probes

10

Physical Properties of Coal/Oil Mixtures

10

Construction of Cold FlowUnit and Data Collection

11

Process Design

11

Mechanical Design

11

Support Structure

11

Reactor Components

12

Tanks

13

Gamma-Ray Elevator

13

Compressor and Pumps

13

Systems Design

14

Components

14

Flow Measurement

14

Level Measurement-Separator

15

Pressure

16

Temperature

16

Gamma-Ray Scan Systems

16

Automation and Safeguard Systems

17

Computerization

18

Computer Hardware Configuration

18

ModComp II Computer

18

Tektronix 4662 Plotter

18

ISC 8001G Color Graphic CRT

18

Amoco Analog-to-Digital Converter

19

Binary Switches and Watchdog Timer

19

Amoco Computer Control System

19

Amoco Multi-Counter Register

19

Computer Software Configuration

19

Program ZER

21

Program BEG

21

Program A77

21

Program TSC

21

Program R77

21

Program F77

21

Off-Line Programs

21

Data Collection

21

Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

21

Unit Data

22

Phase Holdups

23

Correlations

23

Measurement of Physical Properties of H-Coal Liquids

26

Costs

27

Future Plans

27

Conclusions

28

Nomenclature

30