1.

Abstract

ii

2.

Acknowledgements

iii

3.

Executive Summary

iv

4.

Table of Contents

vii

5.

Introduction and Objectives

1

6.

Background

4

7.

Highlights of Prior Work

8

8.

Project Description

12

8.1

Bench-Scale Testing

12

8.1.1

Test Equipment

12

8.1.2

Bench-Scale Test Results

15

8.1.2.1

Stage I Results

16

8.1.2.2

Stage II Results

18

8.1.2.3

Tests with Improved Sulfur Condensers

18

8.1.2.4

Tests with Fluidized-Bed Stage I Reactor

21

8.2

Kinetic and Modeling Studies

23

8.2.1

Experimental System for Kinetic Studies

23

8.2.2

Thermodynamic Analysis of Bench-Scale Reactor Data

24

8.2.3

Results of Kinetic Studies

25

8.2.4

Modeling

28

8.3

Technology Transfer Activities

32

9.

Conclusions and Future Work

34

10.

References

35