Supplemental Studies for Anthracite Coal Gasification to Produce Fuels and Chemicals. Nepgas Project. Volume II.

Introduction											3
Approach, Rationale and Criteria for Candidate Selection
	Approach										4
	Rationale and Criteria										4
	Ultimate Analysis										6
Exhibit II – IA
Gasifier Systems Review											8
	Gasifier Process Characteristics Review										9
	Gasifier Evaluation Guide										10
Gasification Evaluation Guide											11
Description of Results											13
Table I				Comparison of Gasifier Design Parameters							15
Table II				Capital Investment Estimate							17
Table III				Projected Methanol Costs							17
Table 5-2				EDRC – NEPGAS Capital Investment Estimate (4^th Quarter ’79 Pricing Level)							18
Gasifier Evaluations and Recommendations Entrained Beds											19
	KT/KBW										19
	Texaco										20
	Shell-Koppers										21
	Searberg/Otto										21
	Fixed Beds Lurgi Dry Ash Slagger
	KGN										22
Fluidized Bed											22
Westinghouse											22
History, Commercial Status and Availability											26
Entrained Bed Systems – Koppers-Totzsek											26
Texaco											27
Saaberg/Otto											27
Shell-Koppers											28
KBW-Water Jacket/Tubular											28
Fixed Bed Systems – Lurgi Slagger											29
Lurgi Dry Bottom											30
KGN											31
Fluidized Bed – Westinghouse											31
Process Descriptions											33
Westinghouse											34
Process Description											34
Coal Handling and Gasifier Feeding											34
Gasification and Heat Recovery											34
Exhibit II – 1B						Westinghouse Gasifier					36
Exhibit II – 2B						Westinghouse Process Schematic					37
Exhibit II – 3B						The Lurgi Dry Ash Gasifier					41
Exhibit II – 4B						Lurgi Coal Gasification and Raw Gas Scrubbing					42
Exhibit II – 5B						Lurgi Gas Liquor Processing and By-Product Recovery					43
Exhibit II – 6B						The Slagging Gasifier					46
Exhibit II – 7B						BG Lurgi-Slagging Gasifier Slag Removal					47
Exhibit II – 8B						KGN Briquetting Process					50
Exhibit II – 9B						KGN Fixed Bed Gasifier					51
Exhibit II – 10B						KGN Process Flow Schematic					52
Exhibit III – 11B						Texaco Coal Gasification Process Gas Cooler Mode					55
Exhibit II – 12B						Texaco Coal Gasification Process Direct Quench Mode					56
Exhibit II – 13B						Radiant Section of Texaco Gasifier (Gas Cooler Mode)					57
Exhibit II – 14B						The Texaco Coal Gasifier Quench Mode					58
Exhibit II – 15B						Shell-Koppers Gasification System					61
Exhibit II – 16B						Saarberg/Otto Process Flow Diagram					64
Exhibit II – 17B						Saarberg-Otto Gasifier					65
Exhibit II – 18B						Koppers-Totzek Gasifier Typical Cross Section					69
Exhibit II – 19B						KT & KBW Jacket Cooled Gasifier					70
Exhibit II – 20B						Koppers-Totzek Gasification					71
Exhibit II – 21B						KBW Tube Cooled Gasifier					72
Exhibit II – 22B						KBW Tube Cooled Gasifier					73
Nepgas Continuation Study - Supplemental Task II Technical Document											74
Introduction											75
I.		Site Considerations									76
		Exhibit I - 1					Site Data Checklist				80
		Exhibit I - 2					Typical Codes and Specifications				83
II		Coal									84
		II-1		Survey of Coal Source							84
		II-2		Coal Characterization Tests							84
III		Gasification Tests									91

Nepgas Continuation Study
Supplemental Task III
Environmental Assessment Report Licensing Review Hazelton Site											96
I.			Introduction								101
II.			Site Description								102
			A.	Location							102
			B.	Disciplinary Characterization of Site							103
				1.				Air Quality			103
				2.				Water			107
				3.				Solid Wastes			114
				4.				Land/Use Socioeconomic			114
				5.				Aquatic Ecology			118
				6.				Terrestrial Ecology			119
III.			Project Description								122
			A.		Plot Plan						122
			B.		Process Description						123
			C.		Plant Emissions						125
IV.			Environmental Change/Implications								128
			A.		Air Quality						128
			B.		Water Supply and Water Quality						130
			C.		Solid Wastes						131
			D.		Land Use/Socioeconomics						132
			E.		Ecology						135
V.			Recommendations								136
			A.		Licensing Requirements						136
					1.			Federal			136
								a.	Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (42 USC 6901 et seq)		136
								b.	Clean Air Act (CAA) (42 USC 7401 et seq)		137
								c.	Clean Water Act (CWA) (33 USC 1251 et seq)		138
								d.	Rivers and Harbors Act (RHA) (33 USC 401 et seq)		138
								e.	National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (42 USC 4321 et seq)		138
								f.	Susquehanna River Basin Commission		139
								g.	National Historic Preservation Act (16 USC 461-470t)		139
								h.	Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (16 USC 1271 et seq)		139
								i.	Endangered Species Act (16 USCC 1531 et seq)		140
								j.	Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (16 USC 661 et seq)		140
					2.			State			140
								a.	Clean Streams Law (35 Pa Code 691.1 et seq)		140
								b.	Obstructions Statue (32 Pa Code 591)		141
								c.	Solid Waste Management Act (35 Pa Code 29)		141
								d.	Air Pollution Control Act (35 Pa Code 23)		142
								e.	Other Areas		142
					3.			Local			143
								a.	None Listed
								b.	Additional Studies		143
References											144
Tables
1			Susquehanna River Water Quality (Hunlock Creek)								145
2			Pennsylvania Water Quality Standards Specific Criteria
				Susquehanna River – North Branch
				(Lackawanna River to West Branch)							146
3			Lehigh River Water Quality (Walnutport Station)								149
4			Mine Drainage Discharge Points, Eastern Middle Field								150
5			Jeddo Tunnel								151
6			Beaver Meadows Drainage Tunnel								152
7			Ebervale Well, Groundwater Quality								153
8			Lattimer Well Groundwater Quality								154
9			Land Use – Existing and Future								155
10			Luzerne County Employment 1975-1979								156
11			Unemployment Rate (%) 1970-1980								157
12			Plant Species recorded on the shale pit site during fall 1980 reconnaissance studies								158
13			Estimated Solid Waste Generation								171
14			Estimated Air Emissions								172
15			Licensing Schedule								173
Figures											174
Nepgas Continuation Study Supplemental Task IV Commercial Development											179
			A.		Background						180
					Market Assessment						180
					Raw material Supply						180
					Conceptual Design						180
					Site Investigation						180
								Capital Investment and Operation Requirements			181
								Program and Project Schedule			181
								Socio-Economic Characteristics of Northwest Pennsylvania			181
					I.			A re-evaluation of Gasification Technology			181
					II.			Technical Document			181
					III.			Environmental Licensing Review			181
					IV.			Commercial Development Summary			181
			B.		Commercial Summary						181
					I.			Recommended Product and Plant Capacity			181
					II.			Concept Design Summary			181
					III.			Project Site and Environmental Issues			182
					IV.			Costs and Competitive Posture with Conventionally Derived Methanol			182
					V.			Raw Material Supply			183
					VI.			Financial Incentives			183
					VII.			Outlook for Commercialization			184
					IV.			Process Engineering Considerations			187
					V.			Execution Plan			189
								V-1		Project General Management	189
								V-2		Project Schedule	193