987. ------. [HEMMINGER, C. E.] (Standard Oil Development Co.). Two-Stage Hydrocarbon Synthesis Operation. United Sates Patent 2m560m344m July 10, 1951; appl. filed Sept. 29, 1947, Serial No. 776,752; 3 claims (Cl. 260-449.6).

Patent Abstracts

987. ------. [HEMMINGER, C. E.] (Standard Oil Development Co.). Two-Stage Hydrocarbon Synthesis Operation. United Sates Patent 2m560m344m July 10, 1951; appl. filed Sept. 29, 1947, Serial No. 776,752; 3 claims (Cl. 260-449.6).

Hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons are prepared in a 2-stage process from CO and H₂ by first contacting a mixture of these gases in molecular proportion of about 1 : 1-2 with about 2-8 vol. % H₂O in the presence of a fluidized catalyst containing about 77% Fe and 5% K₂O as promoter and about 1-3% C as carbide, the particle size being in the range 10-80μ. The temperature of the reaction is 350º-600º F., the pressure 550-700 p. s. i., the space velocity about 10 cu. ft. gas per hr. per lb. of catalyst, and a recycle to fresh feed ratio of 1-2 : 1 vol. Under the processing conditions about 75-80% of the CO-H₂ mixture is converted to oxygenated hydrocarbons. The 2d step of the process involves removing the reaction products and a portion of the used catalyst, contacting the unconverted synthesis gas with the used catalyst at 550º-750º F., 200-500 p. s. i., and a space velocity of 10-75 cu. ft. gas per hr. per lb. of catalyst, and recovering the hydrocarbons thus formed. The overall conversion of CO and H₂ in the 2 steps was above 93%. As an example of yields from step 1, 150-160 cc. of hydrocarbons heavier than C₃H₈ and C₃H₆ and the low-molecular-weight alcohols were obtained in an amount of 40-50 cc. per cu. m. of H₂ and CO consumption. In the oil layer of the reaction product, 35% of product mainly C8-C15 alcohols were obtained. From step 2, the following were obtained per cu. m. of H₂ and CO consumed: 180 cc. of hydrocarbons heavier than C₃H₈ and C₃H₆ and only 20 cc. of H₂O-soluble oxygenated compounds, 20% of these hydrocarbons occurred in the oil layer. The composition of the H₂O-soluble oxygenated compounds was about 60% EtOH and n-PrOH with traces if MeOH, BuOH, and higher alcohols. Or the remaining 40%, about 20% was acetic and higher acids, 10% aldehydes, and 10% ketones. Diagram.

See abs. 296, 297.