947. HAWK, Co. O., STERN, N. R., AND HOFFER, L. J. E. (United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of the Interior). Catalyst for the Synthesis of Hydrocarbons. United States Patent 2,449,071, Sept. 14, 1948; appl. filed Nov. 7, 1945. Ser

Patent Abstracts

947. HAWK, Co. O., STERN, N. R., AND HOFFER, L. J. E. (United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of the Interior). Catalyst for the Synthesis of Hydrocarbons. United States Patent 2,449,071, Sept. 14, 1948; appl. filed Nov. 7, 1945. Serial No. 627,271; 12 claims (Cl. 260-449.6). Chem. Abs., vol. 43, 1949, p. 827.

Preparation of a catalyst containing 10%-20% by weight of meta form ferric oxide, Fe₂O₃·H₂O is given in the following example: Solution 1, Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O, 1.518 gm. in 3 l. H₂O; and solution 2, K₂CO₃ (anhydrous) 856 gm. in 1.5 l. H₂O were made up and heated to 75º C. Solution 2 was then added slowly (20 min. period) to solution 1 with agitation. The temperature was maintained at 75º C. The volume of the slurry was increased to 12 l. by addition of H₂O (75º C.). The precipitate was allowed to settle and the supernatant liquor withdrawn by decantation. Over a period of 2 weeks the precipitate was washed 16 times by decantation, 8 l. of H₂O being withdrawn at each washing. The last decantation contained less than 1 part nitrate to 16,000 parts H₂O. The precipitated oxide was filtered, spread upon a plate, and air dried 114 hr. at room temperature. It was then placed in an electrically heated drying oven. The temperature was raised from room temperature to 149º C. in 9.5 hr. and held at this temperature 38.5 hr. longer. The catalyst was ground and compressed into pellets 1/8 in., in diameter and 3/32 in. long. The estimated amount of K did not exceed 0.1%. The catalyst was conditioned with synthesis gas, H₂ : CO(1:1) for 15 hr. at atmospheric pressure and 240º C., synthesis gas H₂ : CO (2:1) for an additional 62 hr. at the same pressure ad temperature. The Space velocity was about 150 per. hr. (n. T. P.). At the end of this period a synthesis gas, H₂:CO (2:3), was passed over the catalyst at 100-135 p. a. i., 250º, and a space velocity 150 per hr. (N. P. T.). For a single pass operation, using a 12-in bed, over a 5-wk. test period the yield of hydrocarbons heavier than butane averaged 66 gm. per m.3 synthesis gas (N. T. P.). During the 3d week the yield was 70 gm. per m.3 synthesis gas. 3 literature refs., 4 United States patents, and 1 foreign patent cited.