822. GOODSON, L. B., AND GUYER, J. A. (Phillips Petroleum Co.). Fluid-Type Catalytic Reaction Chamber. United States Patent 2,606,097. Aug. 5, 1952. Chem. Abs., vol. 47. 1953. p. 1923.

Patent Abstracts

Describes reaction chamber for fluid vapor-solid contacting, which separates the solid material from gases by a simple means. The chamber is cylindrical with a conical bottom. A vertical tube, the reaction zone (I), extends up from the bottom inside chamber into an upper 1^st settling zone (II), which is connected with the lower 2d settling zone (III) by a small annular space around (I). Starting with a solid catalyst in (III), the vaporized feed enters the bottom of (I), and the catalyst is drawn along with it through a Venturi-type injector. The mixture passes into (II) where the catalyst settles out, and the mixture passes down into (III) through the annular space with enough velocity that the vapors rising to the outlet, at the top of (III), carry very little catalyst. For example, in the hydrogenation of a kerosene, this material was fed into a preheater at the rate of 2 bbl. per hr., and the vapors, together with 2,000 standard ft.³ of H per bbl. of hydrocarbon, fed into (I). The system pressure was 500 p. s. i. This gave a linear velocity in (I) of 4.4 ft. per sec. and in (II) of 0.2 ft. per sec. With catalyst of 100- to 140-mesh having a particle density of 4 gm. per cc. at a linear velocity up to 2.5 ft. per sec., very little catalyst is carried out of (I). At 2.5-6.0 ft. per sec. the amount of catalyst varies with the velocity. Allowance for exothermic or endothermic reactions is made by appropriate control of preheat temperature. The catalyst can be regenerated in the same vessel by blowing air through it. The application of such a reaction chamber to such processes as catalytic cracking, reforming, Fischer-Tropsch, and others, is obvious.