3762.     ZERNER, E.  [Catalytic Oxidation of Paraffin and Mineral Oil.]  Chem.-Ztg., vol. 54, 1930, pp. 257-259, 279-281; Brennstoff-Chem., vol. 11, 1930, p. 291; Chem. Abs., vol. 24, 1930, p. 3635.

        Experiments were made on the oxidation of paraffin and mineral oil in the presence of catalysts.  Catalysts consisting of the stearates and oleates of Al, Ba, Cr, Pb, Fe, Mn, stearic, and oleic acids, as well as other organic substances such as fats, oils, turpentine oil, and sugar were used.  A very efficient catalyst was Mn stearate; with this the reaction began at 110°-115°, whereas, without a catalyst, an induction period and heating to 160° were necessary.  The reaction products obtained were a salve-like neutral portion (103%), an oily, acid distillate (2.5%), an aqueous distillate (5.5%), and a volatile material absorbable on activated C.  CO₂ was only 2% of the raw material.  The neutral portion can be bleached with H₂O₂ and can be saponified (saponification No. 175) and yields thereby; 40% unsaponifiable material, 20% H₂O soluble, and 40% H₂O insoluble acids.  The recovered acids are dark and semisolid.  The oily distillate consists of only 1/3 fatty acids; the rest is neutral substances.  The aqueous distillate is 15-20% acetic acid contaminated with homologous substances.  The volatile material yields up to 15% of a highly unsaturated oil.  The oxidation of mineral oil in both an acid and alkaline medium was not satisfactory; the physical properties of the products were not nearly so good as with paraffin, and the odor was very unpleasant and persistent, making the products unsuitable for soap making.

        ZETTLEMEYER, A. C.  See abs. 1372.

        ZHABROVA, G. M.  See abs. 814, 815.

        ZHEMOCHKIN, M. N.  [Utilization of the Permanent Gases From the Dry Distillation of Wood for Organic Synthesis.  III.]  See abs. 3765.