3550.     VAN VOORTHUIJSEN, J. J. B. VAN E.  Isomerization Equilibria of the Butanes, Pentanes, Hexanes, and Heptanes.  Rec. trav. chim., vol. 66, 1947, pp. 322-334 (in English); Chem. Abs., vol. 42, 1948, p. 439.

        Isomerization equilibria for the butanes were determined by passing C₄H₁₀ and HCl over AlCl₃ (on Norit CC) at 100°, 150°, and 200°.  For the higher alkanes the determination was made in an autoclave:  100 gm. hydrocarbons, 5-10 gm AlCl₃ (sublimed through active C at 250°), HCl, and H₂ were heated for 24 hr. as high as 80°.  The products were analyzed by fractionation.  Neopentane, neoheptane, 3, 3-dimethylpentane, and 3-ethylpentane were not produced under these conditions, and neoheptane failed to isomerize.  The results for the heptanes deviated considerably from the thermodynamic predictions.