2884.     ROGINSKIĬ, S. Z.  [Theory of Preparation of Catalysts.  The Role of the Free Energy of the Process of Preparation.]  Jour. Phys. Chem. (U.S.S.R.), vol. 15, 1941, pp. 708-730; Chem. Abs., vol. 37, 1943, p. 821.

        Roginskiĭ continues his development of a theory of catalyst surfaces.  The active points are considered as points of supersaturation with respect to free energy.  4 types of such points are considered:  A definitely distinct phase, local or general structural variations of a given phase, anomalous chemical composition of a phase, and, finally, the degree of dispersion of a phase.  The free energy of such active centers and of the formation of such centers are discussed essentially according to Gibbs’ technique.  The supersaturation with respect to free energy is shown to be not only a thermodynamic precursor of formation of any type of deviation from equilibrium in a solid phase, but assures this formation kinetically.  Also, in any process of physical and chemical crystallization, along with the growth of supersaturation of the genetic reaction of a solid body, in the moment of its formation and thereafter, the content of any possible supersaturated formation in the above solid must increase constantly.  This article is the introduction to a series of applications of the supersaturation theory to experimental data.