2213.     ----------------.  [MAXTED, E. B.]  Application of Catalysis in Industry.  Chem. and Ind., vol. 57, 1938, pp. 759-766.

        Growth of the catalytic industry is demonstrated, and the general aspects of catalysis are discussed.  In heterogeneous catalysts, the surface:mass ratio is important; promoters that are not normally catalysts increase the activity of catalysts by providing a dispersion medium that avoids the formation of large crystal growths and thus increases the effective surface.  Other promoters are themselves catalysts; there is direct evidence that complex associations are formed.  The promoting action of alkali is discussed, although the explanation is not yet understood.  Hydrogenation catalysis is discussed at some length.  Hydrogenation of CO with Co-Th catalyst is employed for the production of paraffins and of unsaturated hydrocarbons, which can be polymerized to a satisfactory lubricating oil.  The reaction gas mixture of H₂ and CO is cleaned of H₂S by an Fe oxide purifier, and of organic S by an alkalized Fe contact mass at 200°-300°.  Thermal stability – the temperature range must be kept within 1° -- is maintained by thermal stabilizing tubes containing high-pressure H₂O at 185°-215° or oil.  Coal hydrogenation using 2-stage catalysts of Sn and Mo is touched upon.