1877. KATAYAMA, I., MURATA, Y., KOIDE, H., AND TSUNEOKA, S. Benzine Synthesis From Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen at Ordinary Pressure. XLI. Activation of Catalysts by Slow Oxidation With Atmospheric Oxygen. Jour. Soc. Chem. Ind. (Japan), vol. 41, suppl., 1938, pp. 393-399; Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Research (Tokyo), vol. 34, 1938, pp. 1181-1196; Chem. Abs., vol. 33, 1939, p. 1261.

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Literature Abstracts

Catalyst (I) used in the work was a mixture of (50% Ni+50% Co)+15% Mn+5% U₃O₈+3% ThO₂+125% kieselguhr (see abs. 1875). A study was made of the change in activity of (I) caused by slow oxidation with air and the possibility of its storage in air as a result of exposing a sample, freshly reduced with H₂, with and without a subsequent exposure to CO₂, to the oxidizing action of varying amounts of air at room temperature. In the experiments an amount of (I) was taken such that it contained 1.5 gm. each of Ni and Co, and which had a volume of about 30 cc. The reaction tube was hard glass of about 20 mm. diameter. Freshly reduced (I) showed an increase in activity when directly oxidized with 1,700-2,600 vol. of air at a velocity of 50-80 l. per hr. and with a maximum increase in activity of 10% with 130 vol. at 4 l. per hr. The oxidation of (I), previously treated with CO₂, with 4,500 vol. of air at a velocity of 140 l. per hr. increased the activity, and with 3,300 vol. at 4 l. per hr. the increase was about 8%. A freshly reduced (I), which had been treated first with CO₂ and then partly oxidized with air, is much less susceptible to further oxidation than is a freshly reduced (I) which has been partially oxidized with air but without the CO₂ treatment. (I) which has been activated by slow oxidation with air and then used in a benzine synthesis cannot be further activated by a subsequent oxidation. Samples of (I) which have received a slow and weak oxidation with air are stable to further exposure to the air, whereas (I), when freshly prepared by reduction with H₂, is rapidly oxidized on direct exposure to the air with evolution of much heat, even to redness.