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Literature Abstracts

 1579b.    IPATIEFF, V. N., MONROE, G. S., AND FISCHER, L. E.  Low-Temperature Hydrogen Production.  Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 42, 1950, pp. 92-94; Chem. Abs., vol. 44, 1950, p. 3,221.

          Experiments were conducted on the direct catalytic conversion of CH₄ and H₂O to H₂ and CO₂ at about 500°-800° and at atm. and at 250 p.s.i. pressure.  Space velocities of CH₄ of about 120 per hr. and mole ratios of H₂O:CH₄ of about 5 at atm. pressure and 32 at high pressure were used.  The most effective catalysts were NiO or NiO and CuO on kieselguhr and the optimum concentrations about 7% CuO, 70% NiO, and 23% kieselguhr.  This gave 55-92% conversion of CH₄.  Increase of temperature increased H₂ yield and formation of CO.  Increase of pressure decreased CO formation and H₂ yield, but the latter effect was nullified by increasing the H₂O:CH₄ mole ratio.