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 1556.    ---------------.  [INDUSTRIAL CHEMIST AND CHEMICAL MANUFACTURER.]  Synthetic Fatty Acids.  I.  II.  Vol. 23, 1947, pp. 652-656, 755-763.

        Information in this article is drawn mainly from BIOS final reports 86, PB 18,911; 275, PB 23,808; and 805, PB 49,196, and FIAT reports 407, PB 7,738, and 426, PB 7,745.  The raw materials used by the Germans to produce synthetic fats consisted of Fischer-Tropsch wax, gatsch boiling at 320°-450°, waxes from hydrogenation of brown coal, and even petroleum derivatives of waxy character.  Plants were operated by the Deutsche Fettsäurewerke at Witten-Ruhr, by the I. G. Farbenindustrie at Ludwigshafen-Oppau and Heydebreck, by Hubbe and Fahrenholtz at Magdeburg, and by Ruhrchemie in a 3-ton per month pilot plant at Sterkrade-Holten.  The intake capacity of these plants was approximately 100,000 tons per year, with a rated yield of 75-80% of fatty acids.  The process of Ruhrchemie developed by Velde utilized the harder, long-chain waxes and produced fatty acids of high molecular weight.  The raw wax was heated to 125°, treated with nitrosyl sulfuric acid for 8-12 hr., the acid was separated and the waxy product washed, dried, melted again, kneaded with caustic and, after saponification was complete, extracted with a Fischer-Tropsch motor-gasoline fraction boiling at 80°-100°.  The separated wax was returned to the process, while the soap was treated with dilute H₂SO₄, washed, and dried.  The material so made was called OP32, and the yield was about 80% on the wax used.  It was yellow to brown in color, hard, and solidified at 80°, its acid No. was 145-150 and its saponification No. 150-155.  The I value was nearly zero.