1498a. HOUGEN, O. A., AND WATSON, K. M. Solid Catalysts and Reaction Rates – General Principles. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 35, 1943, pp. 529-541; Chem. Abs., vol. 37, 1943, p. 4,294.

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Literature Abstracts

Effect of solid catalysts on the reaction rates of liquid- or gas-phase chemical reactions is discussed on the basis of the following steps: (1) The mass transfer of reactants and products to and from the gross exterior surface of the catalyst particle and the main body of the fluid, (2) the diffusional and flow transfer of reactants and products in and out of the pore structure of the catalyst particle when reaction takes place at interior interfaces, (3) the activated adsorption of reactants and activated desorption of products at the catalytic interface, (4) the surface reaction of adsorbed reactants to form activation adsorbed products. Equations are derived for the effects of adsorption, catalyst activity, particle size, porosity, flow conditions, poisons, and diluents as well as pressure temperature and concentration. It is suggested that the constants of the rate equation be determined by experiment with a differential reactor containing a thin bed of catalyst at a uniform temperature. Methods of integrating the rate equation are given to determine the volume of reactor to produce a specified catalytic conversion.