1453. HOFMANN, K. A., AND GROLL, H. [Production of Ammonia and Hydrocarbons From Lignite Coke by the Action of Stream at 500°.] Ztschr. angew, Chem., vol. 40, 1927, pp. 282-287; Chem. Abs., vol. 21, 1927, p. 1880.

Return to Abstracts of Literature 1250-1499

Literature Abstracts

1453. HOFMANN, K. A., AND GROLL, H. [Production of Ammonia and Hydrocarbons From Lignite Coke by the Action of Stream at 500°.] Ztschr. Angew, Chem., vol. 40, 1927, pp. 282-287; Chem. Abs., vol. 21, 1927, p. 1880.

Although at 900° C+H₂O=CO+H₂, and at lower temperatures the reaction C+2H₂O=CO₂+2H₂ is favored, at 500° both reactions are too slow to be of technical importance. By the use of catalysts, however, reactions involving the addition of H₂ (obtained either from the above reactions or added as such) to the primary tar and to the N₂ present are accelerated. Thus Fe induces the transformation of 15% H₂ into CH₄, Ni, 30%, and Mn, 45%. With Mn and Co oxides together, still higher yields are obtained. It is assumed that metallic carbides, finely divided and rich in C, are formed, and that the H₂ reacts with them to form the hydrocarbons. Experiments are described, showing the methods used for activating the C; the effects of H₂ on low temperature lignite coke at 500°, with the production of large yields of hydrocarbons and NH₃; and the influence of catalysts, such as the oxides of Fe, Ni, Mn, and Mn-Co.