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 1355.    HANEMANN, H.  [Higher Eutectics in the Iron-Carbon Alloys.]  Ztschr. Anorg. Chem., vol. 84, 1914, pp. 1-23; Chem. Abs., vol. 8, 1914, p. 2142.

        To check the results of Vittorf, pure Fe-C alloys were melted at temperatures observed with an optical pyrometer and poured into Fe chills.  The cementite contents of the samples gave points on a curve agreeing with the results obtained by Vittorf and Ruff, but the accuracy of this determination decreases at high temperatures.  Graphite always separates as a primary product from melts poured from above 1,400°.  Vittorf’s method of analyzing the crystals separating from the melts is criticized, owing to the difficulty of getting a good separation because of the high viscosity of melts made between 1,700° and 2,500°.  At 2,500°, quenched speciments gave an analysis 14% of C, mostly as enmeshed graphite.  Ruff’s conclusion that the solubility of C decreases at very high temperatures was not confirmed.  Vittorf’s Fe₄C is believed to be austenite, as it goes over to martensite upon quenching in liquid air, and his FeC and FeC₂ are believed to be graphite.

                   See abs. 1170.