1107.    FROST, A. V., IVANNIKOV, P. Y., SHAPIRO, M. I., AND ZOLOTOV, M. N.  [Structure and Genesis of Methanol Catalysts.]  Acta Physicochim.  U.R.S.S., vol. 1, 1934, pp. 511-520; Chem. Abs., vol. 29, 1935, p. 6711.

       With various Zn-Cu catalysts under the experimental conditions of Frolich and others (abs. 1100), the composition of the reaction products changed at 369° as observed by them.  At 305° and 337° the composition of the products was quite different.  The activity of the catalysts decreased only very slowly.  Lattice dimensions did not change with the composition of the catalyst, c=5.198±0.004 A. and c/a=1.602±0.002.  Microscopic and x-ray determination of various preparations of ZnO showed that the crystal size changed from 0.8X10^-4 cm. on changing the 3-hr. annealing temperature from 110° to 1,300°, and that the adsorptive capacity toward methylene blue was approximately inversely proportional to the crystal size, while the catalytic activity fell still more rapidly.  A study of ZnO·Cr₂O₃ catalysts in the ratios 3.2:1 and 1:1 obtained, respectively, by joint precipitation and by simple mixing, showed that the size of the crystal of the 1^st was always about ¼ that of pure ZnO crystals, while the latter always gave the same size, 0.9 μ, as for pure Cr₂O₃ on annealing at any temperature above 110°.  X-ray analysis showed spinel formation.  The catalytic activity decreased rapidly as the annealing temperature was raised with ZnO, 3.2 ZnO·CrO₃ and ZnO·Cr₂O₃ but was constant for pure Cr₂O₃, except above 900°.  For a given treatment 3.2 ZnO·Cr₂O₃ was always more active catalytically, as measured by MeOH decomposition, than pure ZnO.  The greatest difference was obtained about 100° below the temperature of rapid spinel formation and was attributed to the production of distortions or “Lockerstellen” later stabilized into the crystal.