1002.    ---------------.  [Influence of Pressure Upon Several Conversions of Water Gas.]  Brennstoff-Chem., vol. 12, 1931, pp. 365-372; Von den Kohlen, vol. 4, 1931, pp. 9-34; Chim. et Ind., vol. 28, 1933, pp. 62-63; Ges. Abhandl. Kenntnis Kohle, vol. 11, 1934, pp. 368-385; Chem. Abs., vol. 25, 1931, p. 5970; vol. 26, 1932, p. 5195.

        Elevated pressures hinder the gasification of carbonaceous material by steam because of the surface layer of inert gases so produced.  A secondary formation of hydrocarbons results when this is prevented by using high temperatures or addition of alkali, the H₂ already formed then reacting with C.  The higher the partial pressure of H₂, the greater is the hydrocarbon formation.  In the catalytic hydrogenation of CO, elevated pressure favors the formation of high-molecular hydrocarbons upon catalyst surfaces, which rapidly lessen catalyst effectiveness.  O₂-containing products also are formed in addition to hydrocarbons.  Lower pressures require greater contact surfaces for equal conversion to hydrocarbons.  Pressure strongly affects the manner and rate of CH₄ decomposition by CO₂ or steam.  The equilibrium CH₄+CO₂=2CO+2H₂ is displaced completely to the right at 1 atm. pressure at 900° in the presence of a Ni catalyst.  At 0.003 atm. and 400° only 50% conversion occurs, while at 0.003 atm. and 300° only 25% occurs.  Reaction rate increases proportionally with pressure decrease.  Temperature and pressure dependence of the equilibrium have been determined and calculated.  A literature review is appended.