961.    --------------.  [FISCHER, F.]  [Synthesis of Fuels and Lubricating Oils From Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen.]  Oel u. Kohle, vol. 11, 1935, pp. 120-123; Jour. Inst. Petrol. Technol., vol. 21, A, 1935, p. 170.

     Hydrogenation of CO in the presence of Co, Ni, and Fe catalysts is first discussed.  The maximum reaction temperature for the 1^st 2 catalysts is 180°-200°, and for Fe 230°-250°; lower temperatures are required when the concentration of H₂ is high.  The heat of reaction, unless controlled, favors the production of CH₄.  A mixture of CO and H₂ is obtained from the gasification of coke.  The proportion of the 2 gases should be 1:2.  The mixed gases freed from S are brought into contact with the catalyst under suitable conditions, and about 100-120 gm. of liquid hydrocarbons (Kogasin) are formed per m.³ of gas.  The fraction up to about 200°, termed Kogasin I, is of low octane number (47); that above 200°, Kogasin II, contains wax and after removal of the latter forms a satisfactory Diesel fuel.  The separated wax has a melting point of 50°-60°.  Kogasin II may be cracked to give a higher yield of low boiling constituents of high octane value.  Alcohols may be obtained indirectly from the unsaturated hydrocarbons.  No lubricating oils occur naturally in Kogasin, but they may be synthesized by a number of processes, including condensing the fraction rich in olefins with AlCl₃ and chlorinating high-boiling fractions and condensing the product with activated Al or aromatic hydrocarbons.  The oils formed are resistant to oxidation, of low C residue, and of low pour point.