802.    EIDUS, Y. T., ZELINSKIĬ, N. D., ERSHOV, N. I., AND BATUEY, M. I.  [Catalytic Hydrocondensation of Carbon Monoxide With Olefins.  IV.  Hydrocondensation of Ethylene With Carbon Monoxide at Low Concentrations of the Latter.]  Izvest. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Otdel. Khim. Nauk, 1950, pp. 377-385; Chem. Abs., vol. 45, 1951, p. 1495.

     At 190° under atmospheric pressure, mixtures of C₂H₄ and H₂ with small amounts of CO gave with 3 different catalysts the following yields (vol. % C₂H₄, H₂, CO in the initial gas, space velocity, length of run in hours, yield (ml. per m.³) of heavy oil, light oil, gas oil, and H₂O): 52.6, 37.5, 5.7, 104.1, per l. catalyst per hr., 12.2 hr., 86.3, 199.1, 285.4, 7.0; 48.9, 36.9, 7.6, 78, 47.0, 77.4, 224.8, 96.3, 21.3; 47.9, 38.5, 6.5, 85, 69.5, 38.7, 162.3, 100.4, 36.7.  The composition of the outgoing gas (vol. %) in these 3 experiments was C₂H₄, H₂, CO, and C₂H₆, respectively:  2.4, 35.7, 0.8, 42.9; 19.1, 20.0, 9.7, 38.8; 12.8, 18.3, 8.6, 53.0 (balance N₂).  The yield of liquid condensate (gas oil included) attains 30-45 ml. per l. per hr.  C₂H₄ reacts to the extent of 77.7-98.5%, H₂ to 62.3-96.9%; CO is consumed mainly (up to 94.9%) in the beginning of the run, less at later stages.  The fraction of the reacted C₂H₄ converted to C₂H₆ varies 27.6-56.6%.  At constant space velocity, 100 l. per l. catalyst per hr., with a gas mixture containing about 7% CO, the optimum temperature, in the 100°-250° range, is 190°-210°.  By fractionation of the products from an equimolecular mixture of C₂H₄ and H₂, containing 4-7% CO, the gas oil constitutes about 36% of all organic products in the condensate, and consists, in wt. % (not including CH₄) of C₂H₄, 1.1, C₂H₆, 18.2; C₂H₆, 19.0; C₃H₈, 3.3; C₄H₈, 54; C₄H₁₀, 4.1; or in % of the organic matter in the condensate, respectively, 0.35, 6.1, 6.3, 1.1, 18.1, 1.4.  More than half of the gas oil, 54 wt. %, is the nonhydrogenated dimer of C₂H₄, namely C₄H₈; the hydrogenated dimer, C₄H₁₀, is 4.1% (with respect to the weight of the condensate, C₄H₈ is 18.1, C₄H₁₀, 1.4%).  The presence of a C₃H₈+C₃H₆ fraction (22.3% of the gas oil, 7.4% of the condensate), with a C₃H₈ : C₃H₆ ratio of 0.2 : 0.3, indicates condensation of CH₂ radicals with C₂H₄.  Fractions C₆ and C₈ (trimers and tetramers of C₂H₄) constitute, respectively, 18.8% and 12.6% of the condensate (with the gas oil separated); the presence of the fractions C₅, C₇, and C₉ constituting, respectively, 12%, 16.5%, and 8.5% of the gas oil-free condensate, indicates reaction with CH₂ radicals.  Unsaturated compounds attain up to 70% of the condensate.  By Raman spectra of the hydrogenated catalyzate, the fractions b. 69°-126.5° contain only the corresponding normal hydrocarbons, the fraction b. 66°-68.5°, beside C₆H₁₄, also contains about 15% 2-methylpentane and about 25% 3-methylpentane; the fraction b. 27°-36° contains, beside C₅H₁₂, about 15% 2-methylbutane.