186.    BELAMY, L. J., AND NILLSON, K. T.  German Chemical Industries – Synthetic Fatty Acids.  Chem. and Met. Eng., vol. 52, No. 12, 1945, pp. 178, 182, 184, PB Rept. 6, 1945, 3 pp.; Chim. et ind., vol. 56, 1946, p. 18; Chem. Abs., vol. 40, 1946, p. 7662.

                  Synthetic fatty acids have been produced on a large scale in Germany at a number of plants.  They have all used a similar method; that of oxidation of paraffins (normally from the Tief Temperatur-Hydrierung process on lignite) by air, using the same method as that worked by the Pasco Co. of America, which holds licenses from I. G.  The Tief Temperatur-Hydrierung process is a new single-step hydrogenation process in which brown-coal tar is treated in the liquid phase with a catalyst of Florida clay + Cr and Mo oxides, yielding a low-quality gasoline, 50-cetane number diesel, oil, and wax.  The first fraction consisting of C₃-C₄ acids is recovered, fractionated, and used for various purposes.  The C₅-C₁₀ acids, which are insoluble in H₂O, are obtained as the first fraction of vacuum distillation and separated into the C₅-C₇, C₇-C₉ and C₉-C₁₁ fractions.  The first 2 are hydrogenated to the corresponding alcohols, the C₇-C₉ fraction finds application in fire extinguishers of the foamite type, and the C₉-C₁₁ fraction is used in the flotation of minerals.  The C₁₀-C₁₈ fraction, isolated by vacuum distillation at 3 mm. pressure, is used directly for the production of soaps and edible fats, the latter of which appears to be of excellent quality.  The C₁₅-C₂₄ acids are used in greases as Na, Ca, and Li soaps and in combination with triethanolamine as softening agents for leather.  The Zn, Mg, and Ca soaps have also been used as lubricants for plastic molding.  The pitch residue is used in lacquer production and as a molding agent for foundry cores and in the manufacture of vaseline.

                  BELTZ, J. C.  See abs. 927.

                   BEMMANN, R.  See abs. 205, 206.