146.    BARRAL, J.  [Total Gasification of Fuels by the Koppers Process.]  Chim. et ind., vol. 57, 1947, pp. 441-443; Jour. Inst. Petrol., vol. 33, 1947, p. 308 A; Chem. Abs., vol. 41, 1947, p. 6385.

                  The Koppers process is designed to convert low-grade solid fuels into a synthesis gas suitable as feed to a Fischer-Tropsch plant.  A simplified flow diagram of the process is given, as well as an analysis of the fuel and gas and of the costs involved.  The process is applicable to fuels having an ash content as high as 20%.  The plant and the operation at Schwarzheide are described.  With this installation, it appears that Koppers prepared directly, by partial combustion and reduction of steam at high temperatures, not only gases for the synthesis of motor fuel and of MeOH but also heating gas, without using O₂ but only air mixed with steam.