66.    APPLEYARD, K. C.  Production of Oil From Coal by the Fischer-Tropsch Process.  Gas World, vol. 111, 1939, Coke Sec., pp. 79-91; Colliery Guard, vol. 158, 1939, pp. i865-868, 968-970; British Chem. Abs., 1939, B, p. 799; Chem. Age, vol. 41, 1939, pp. 64-67; Chem. Abs., vol. 33, 1939, p. 5155.

               Production of the CO+2H₂ mixture from coke or coke-oven gas, its purification, and the types of catalysts used for the actual synthesis of hydrocarbons, which may be carried out at atmospheric or at medium (10 atm.) pressure, are outlined.  The yield of liquid products is about 79% of theory.  Their nature depends on the conditions:  Using a Co catalyst, they contained 8% of light hydrocarbons, b. p. <30°; 50% of motor spirit, b. p. 30°-200°, octane no. after redistributing 55:39% of Diesel oil, b. p. <200°; and 3% of soft paraffin, m. p. >50°.  The Diesel oil has a H₂:C ratio of 2.17, which is more than that of other liquid fuels, and a low ignition temperature of about 240, it has proved satisfactory in engine tests.  The by-products are hard paraffin, m.p. >100°, deposited on the catalyst and C₃H₈-C₄H₁₀ mixtures.  Good lubricants can be produced by polymerization over AlCl₃ of olefin fractions or of paraffin fractions after chlorination.