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Development and Process Evaluation of Improved
Fischer-Tropsch Slurry Catalysts.  Final Report - 1990.

Bukur, Dragomir B.
Mukesh, Doble
Patel, Snehal A.
Rosynek, Michael P.
Zimmerman, William H.

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Table of Contents 502kb

Page
Section 1
1037kb
 

List of Tables

v

List of Figures

viii

Abstract

xiii
I. 

Objective and Scope of Work

I-1
II. 

Executive Summary

II-1
1. 

Summary of Accomplishments

II-1
2. 

Recommendations for Future Work

II-6
III. 

Introduction

III-1
1. 

Summary of Previous Work with Iron Catalyst

III-2
2. 

Overview

III-6
IV. 

Experimental

IV-1
1. 

Fixed Bed and slurry Reactor Systems

IV-1
2. 

Experimental Procedure and Product Collection

IV-6
2.1 

Fixed Bed Operating Procedure

IV-6
2.2 

Slurry Reactor Operating Procedure

IV-6
3. 

Product Analysis Scheme

IV-7
3.1 

Response Factors and Retention Times

IV-9
4. 

Data Reduction System

IV-10
5. 

Coding System for Runs

IV-12
Section 2
1154kb
V. 

Task 2.  Slurry Catalyst Development

V-1
1. 

Activation/Reduction Procedure Research

V-1
1.1 

Literature Review

V-1
1.2 

Experimental Procedure

V-3
1.3 

Results

V-3
1.4 

Discussion

V-23
1.5 

Related Studies

V-28
1.6 

Additional Tests with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst

V-28
1.7 

Activation Studies with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst

V-30
1.8 

Summary

V-33
Section 3
946kb
2. 

Promoter Effect Research

V-36
2.1

 Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Hydrogen Activated Catalysts

V-36

2.1.1 

Literature Review V-36

2.1.2

 Experimental Procedure V-37

2.1.3 

Results and Discussion V-38
Section 4
1127kb

2.1.4 

Summary V-62
2.2 

2.3 

Fixed Bed Reactor Tests of Catalysts Activated with Carbon Monoxide

V-62

Promoter Effect/Kinetic Studies in Stirred Tank Slurry Reactors

V-63

2.3.1 

Run SA-05-2957 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst V-68

2.3.2 

Run SA-25-3657 with the 100 Fe/3.0 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst V-77

2.3.3 

Run SB-07-0458 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst V-81

2.3.4 

Run SB-07-0468 with the 100 Fe/0.3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst V-88

2.3.5 

Summary V-97
Section 5
943kb
3. 

Slurry Reactor Kinetic Studies

V-98
3.1 

Kinetics Background

V-98
3.2 

Results and Discussion

V-110
3.3 

Summary

V-129
Section 6
391kb
4. 

Binder/Support Effect Research

V-134
4.1 

Results and Discussion

V-135
4.2 

Summary

V-145
Section 7
1185kb
VI. 

Task 3.  Process Evaluation Research

VI-1
1. 

Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Silica Containing Catalysts

VI-1
1.1

Run FA-63-1308 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/8 SiO2 Catalyst

VI-1
1.2

Run FB-99-1588 with the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 Catalyst

VI-10
1.3

Run FB-66-1948 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/24 SiO2 Catalyst

VI-14
2. 

Fixed Bed Reactor Tests with Unsupported Precipitated Iron Catalysts

VI-25
2.1

Runs FA-15-1698/FA-15-1768 with the 100 Fe/1 Cu/0.2 K Catalyst

VI-25
2.2

 Runs FB-27-2438/FA-27-2518 with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst

VI-29
Section 8
755kb
3. 

Stirred Tank Slurry Reactor Tests with Silica Containing Catalysts

VI-40
3.1 

Run SA-99-0888 with the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 Catalyst

VI-40
3.2 

Run SB-66-2468 with the 100 Fe/5 Cu/4.2 K/24 SiO2 Catalyst

VI-48
Section 9
406kb
4. 

Stirred Tank Slurry Reactor Tests with Unsupported Precipitated Iron Catalysts

VI-60
4.1 

Run SB-27-2168 with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst

VI-60
4.2 

Run SB-25.2-2878 with the 100 Fe/3 Cu/0.5 K Catalyst

VI-69
5.

Summary

Section 10
673kb
VII. 

Catalyst Synthesis and Characterization Methods

VII-1
1. 

Catalyst Preparation and Analysis

VII-1
2. 

Reduction Studies

VII-5
3. 

Surface Characterization

VII-11
4. 

Summary of Results and Discussions

VII-14
4.1 

Reduction Behavior of Precipitated Iron Catalysts

VII-14
4.2 

The Oxidation States of Surface Iron

VII-24
5. 

Conclusions

VII-26
Section 11
623kb
VIII. 

Task 4. Economic Evaluation

VIII-1
1. 

Executive Summary

VIII-1
1.1 

Background

VIII-1
1.2 

Synthesis Gas Production

VIII-3
1.3 

F-T Synthesis and Product Upgrading

VIII-3
2. 

Introduction/Background

VIII-5
3. 

Scope of the Present Study

VIII-6
4. 

Catalyst Comparison

VIII-9
5. 

Synthesis Gas Production

VIII-9
6. 

Capital Investment

VIII-12
7. 

Required Revenues

VIII-12
8. 

Product Revenues

VIII-15
9. 

Results

VIII-15
IX. 

References 205kb

IX-1
Appendices
1091kb

Appendix 1. - 1985 Economic Evaluation Report

A.1-1

Appendix 2. - Revised Product Cost Summary

A.2-1