List of Tables

xv

List of Figures

xvi

1.

Introduction

1

1.1

Test Objectives and Processes

1

1.2

Geology and Hydrology

4

2.

Operations

12

2.1

Well Descriptions

26

2.2

Baseline Studies

13

2.3

Groundwater Monitoring During the UCG Test

18

2.4

Groundwater Restorations

21

2.4.1

First Restoration Activity

21

2.4.2

Second Restoration Activity

27

2.5

Long-Term Monitoring

27

3.

Results

32

3.1

Subsurface Hydrology

32

3.1.1

Baseline

32

3.1.2

UCG Testing

38

3.1.2.1

Overburden

38

3.1.2.2

Understrata

38

3.1.2.3

Coal Seam

38

3.1.3

Restoration

42

3.1.4

Long-Term Monitoring

45

3.1.4.1

Understrata

45

3.1.4.2

Overburden

45

3.1.4.3

Coal Seam

46

3.2

Water Quality

47

3.2.1

Baseline

47

3.2.2

Test Period

52

3.2.2.1

Overburden

52

3.2.2.2

Understrata

53

3.2.2.3

Coal Seam

53

3.2.3

Restoration

57

Part 2

3.2.4

Long-Term Monitoring

65

3.2.4.1

Inner and Outer Rings of Coal Seam Wells

65

3.2.4.2

Test Cavities

74

4.

Conclusions

81

5.

References

82

6.

Appendix A – Groundwater Sampling Data

104

Part 4, Pages B - D63, 5.05 MB

7.

Appendix B – Analytical Methods; Sampled Volumes, Containers, and Preservation Techniques; Quality Assurance, Quality Control Objectives

323

8.

Appendix C – Chemical Composition of Groundwater Samples from the RM1 Underground Coal Gasification Test Program, Radian Corporation, August 1990

335

9.

Appendix D – Acute Toxicity of Underground Coal Gasification Waters to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas), ENSR Consulting and Engineering, July 1990

357