| Executive Summary |
i |
| Summary of Results |
ii |
| Table of Contents |
iii - iv |
| Appendices |
v |
| Figures and Tables |
vi |
| Abbreviations and Acronyms |
vii |
| Terminology |
viii |
| Metric Units of Measurement |
viii |
|
1.0 |
Introduction |
1 |
| |
1.1 |
Purpose of Study |
2 |
|
1.2 |
Systems Studied |
2 |
|
2.0 |
Methodology |
3 |
| |
2.1 |
Process Analysis |
3 |
|
2.2 |
Site Conditions |
4 |
|
2.3 |
Wood Analysis |
4 |
|
2.4 |
General Plant Requirements |
5 |
|
3.0 |
Process Descriptions |
5 |
| |
3.1 |
Description of Plant Sub-sections |
5 |
|
3.2 |
Wood Preparation and Drying |
6 |
|
4.0 |
High Pressure, Air-Blown Gasification |
7 |
| |
4.1 |
Gasifier Design |
9 |
|
4.2 |
Gas Clean-up |
9 |
| |
4.2.2 |
High Temperature Gas Cooling |
10 |
|
4.2.3 |
High Temperature Particulate Removal |
10 |
|
4.3 |
Char Combustion |
10 |
|
5.0 |
Low Pressure Indirectly Heated Gasification - The
BCL Gasifier |
10 |
| |
5.2 |
Gas Clean-up |
13 |
|
5.3 |
Fuel Gas Compression |
14 |
|
6.0 |
Low Pressure, Air-Blown Gasification |
14 |
| |
6.1 |
Gasifier Design |
16 |
|
6.2 |
Gas Clean-up |
17 |
|
6.3 |
Fuel Gas Compression |
17 |
|
7.0 |
Combined Cycle Power Generation |
17 |
| |
7.1 |
Gas Turbine |
17 |
|
7.2 |
Heat Recovery Steam Generator |
19 |
|
7.3 |
Steam Turbine System |
19 |
|
7.4 |
General Facilities |
19 |
|
8.0 |
Overall System Performance |
20 |
|
9.0 |
Economic Analysis |
21 |
| |
9.1 |
Economic Analysis Methodology |
21 |
|
9.2 |
Capital Cost Estimates |
22 |
| |
9.2.1 |
Wood Preparation and Drying Costs |
23 |
|
9.2.2 |
Gasification Costs |
23 |
|
9.2.3 |
Gas Clean-up Costs |
24 |
| |
Tar Cracker |
24 |
| High temperature gas cooling |
24 |
| High temperature particulate removal |
24 |
|
9.2.4 |
Compression Costs for Low Pressure Gasifier Systems |
25 |
|
9.2.5 |
Char Combustor Cost for High Pressure Gasifier System |
25 |
|
9.2.6 |
Combined Cycle Power Generation Costs |
25 |
| |
Gas Turbine |
25 |
| Heat Recovery Steam Generator |
25 |
| Steam Turbine System |
26 |
|
9.3 |
Total Plant Cost, Total Plant Investment and Total
Capital Requirements |
26 |
|
9.4 |
Operation and Maintenance Costs |
26 |
|
9.5 |
Cost of Electricity |
29 |
|
10.0 |
Comparison with Previous Studies |
29 |
| |
10.1 |
Discussion of Design and Cost Comparison |
33 |
| |
10.1.1 |
Fuel Costs |
33 |
|
10.1.2 |
Fuel Preparation and Drying |
33 |
|
10.1.3 |
Gasification and Gas Cleaning |
34 |
|
10.1.4 |
Combined Cycle Power Generation |
35 |
|
10.1.5 |
Miscellaneous Cost Differences Between Study |
36 |
|
10.1.6 |
Additional Factors Affecting Cost of Electricity |
37 |
|
10.2 |
Normalized Cost of Electricity |
38 |
|
11.0 |
Analysis, Discussion, and Conclusions |
39 |
|
12.0 |
Comments on Advanced Cycles |
40 |
