TITLE: Production of Refined Intermediate Fuels with High Temperature Reactors.

AUTHOR: P. J. Nowacki.

INST.  AUTHOR: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria).

LANGUAGE: English

PUB.  TYPE: Technical Report

PUB.  COUNTRY: United States

SOURCE: Other [INIS],  1977,  20p.

NOTES: International conference on nuclear power and its fuel cycles, Salzburg,

Austria, 2 May 1977, 8.0.-.T.1./06 2 tables, 7 figs. Also available in French.

ABSTRACT:

Power plants can be divided into conventional steam plants, fueled with hard coal, lignite or liquid fuel, hydroelectric plants and nuclear plants, their chief use was or is the production of electric energy and - in certain cases only - of production of process heat, using steam or hot water for process heat in industry and district heating for residential and commercial purposes. The part played by electricity in the whole energy demand is of the order of 10% to 25% the total demand, the rest is necessary for supplying process heat below 200 exp 0 C or above 200 exp 0 C, up to some 1500 exp 0 C. Manmade fuels, whether in a gaseous or liquid phase, contain hydrogen, and one can believe, the world is entering a new energy civilisation in utilizing hydrogen and its compounds as second energy vector. The author has taken up the task to investigate this new problem of process, heat in the form of hydrogen and its compounds, by evaluating their present and future production, based on the utilization of natural gas, oil coal, water and the nuclear heat of helium, available in a closed circuit as primary coolant in a high-temperature helium cooled reactor. The paper deals in more detail with the following application of Nuclear Heat: hydrogasification, direct reduction of ore, mainly iron ores, ammonia synthesis, methanol synthesis Hydrocracking, long distance transfer of process heat (chemical heat pipe), hydrogenation of coal, Fischer - Tropsch synthesis, oxosynthesis, coal gasification, coal liquefaction, water splitting (thermolysis) and electrolysis. The various chemical reactions are discussed. Economic and geographical distribution of various kinds of process heat are briefly discussed. (Atomindex citation 08:303660)

REPORT  NUMBER: CONF-770505-174