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Patent Abstracts

384.           384. ------.  [CLARK, A.]  (Phillips Petroleum Co.).  Removal of Exothermic Heat of Reaction.  United States Patent 2,526,934.  Oct. 24, 1950; appl. Filed Jan. 20, 1947.  Serial No. 723,195; 3 claims (Cl. 260-449.6).  Chem. Abs., vol. 45, 1951, p. 1752.

Boiling point of coolant is coordinated with reaction temperature and pressure so that the coolant is introduced at its boiling point under such conditions that a substantial part is the liquid phase.  Maximum cooling effect is realized by adsorption as latent heat of vaporization of the liquid, preferably H2 and CO are introduced countercurrent with the coolant.  At no point should the coolant establish a level.  When it is necessary, as in Fischer-Tropsch reaction to increase reaction temperature to maintain conversion level, the reaction pressure is correspondingly increased to keep the coolant under boiling conditions.  Fischer-Tropsche products, 295°-305° F. fraction, may be used at 30-40 p. s. i. and 392° F. with Co-Th catalyst.  With hydrocarbon coolent, ratio of coolant to product will be 40-100. with H2O a ratio as low as 15 may be used.  Reaction temperatures for Co-Th catalyst will be 180°-220° C., for Ni-Th, 170°-200° and for Fe. 220°-280° C.  Space velocities for Co-Th and Ni-Th will be 100 vol. Synthesis gas per vol. Catalyst per hr.: for Fe it may be as high as 150 or 300.  Pressure may be atmospheric—500 p. s. i.  Synthesis gas composition for Co and Ni catalysts may be H2:CO=2:1; for Fe, H2:CO=1-2:1.  2 foreign and 4 United States patents cited.