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 1745.    KHARKHOV, N. V.  [Gasification of Finely Ground Coal in a Boiling Layer Using Steam-Oxygen Blast.]  Kislorod (Oxygen), 1944, No. 2, pp. 12-21; U. O. P. Co. Survey Foreign Petroleum Literature Index, Aug. 2-9, 1946, pp. 22-23.

        Pilot-plant work was begun in 1935 with a unit of capacity of 2,000-3,000 m.3 per hr. on the preparation of an NH3 synthesis-gas mixture.  Fuel of grain size, 10 mm. and less, was used.  The blast passing through the 0.3-1.5 m. bed at a velocity of 2-3 m. per sec. brings the bed into a condition resembling boiling.  The O2-enriched air and steam are continuously charged both below and above the fuel bed.  The O2 content of the blast was 53-55%; in mixture with steam 23-24% when the steam amounted to 56-58%.  The temperature of 850°-900° in the generator is enough to crack all volatile matter, and the resulting gas contains no tar or heavy hydrocarbons and but little CH4.  The lowest calorific value of the gas was 1,800 kcal. per cu. m.; this is raised to 2,200-2,300 kcal. per m.3 when pure steam-O2 is charged.  The gas has the composition, in vol. %:  CO2, 17.6; CO, 34.0; H2, 29.2; N2, 19.1; H2S, 0.1; no CH4, O2, or olefins.  Production of 1,000 cu. m. gas requires about 0.5 ton coal of 10% moisture, 180-190 cu. m. O2 of 98% purity, 230 m.3 air, 280-300 kg. steam, but 500-550 kg. steam also is generated.  Young fuels such as lignites are most suitable for the process.  The size of the unit is virtually unlimited.  In the N2 industry, gas generators are being built of 15,000-20,000 m.3 per hr. capacity using waste O2.  The extent to which the method will find practical application will depend chiefly upon the supply of cheap O2.

       KHAZANOVA, N. E.  See abs. 1985, 1986.