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 1594.    ---------------.  [IVANOVSZKY, L.]  [Synthetic Waxes – Attempted Classification and Definition.]  Chim. et Ind., vol. 63, 1950, pp. 239-245; Chem. Age, vol. 62, 1950, p. 610.

       Waxes may be classified as (a) natural-animal, vegetable, mineral, (b) refined (natural), (c) chemically modified, (d) synthetic, (e) compound.  The term “synthetic” should be restricted to waxes that differ essentially from the raw materials used and result from chemical processes, which are often complicated.  From the strictly scientific point of view, they are to be regarded as products of important chemical changes and partial synthesis.  There are 3 synthetic processes:  Hydrogenation of CO (Fischer-Tropsch waxes); low-temperature hydrogenation of C (T.T.H. waxes); and ethylenic polymerization (alkathenes, polythenes).  Conversion of these hydrocarbon waxes into those of fatty acids, alcoholic or ketonic waxes, or of esters or other condensation waxes, leads to a series of purely synthetic waxes, if the hydroxylated constituents used are themselves synthetic, but the conception of true or purely synthetic has only theoretical interest.  It is more important to inquire if the synthetic waxes are true replicas of the corresponding natural substances.  In some cases this is so, as with the hydrocarbon waxes, which are similar to paraffin wax; and in some other cases there are analogies or similarities.  In such instances the synthetic product may be superior or inferior to its natural analog, but in any case offers greater variety of properties.  The difference between the natural ester waxes and the synthetic residues is that the latter contain various glycols, etc., but do not contain fatty alcohols of high molecular weight in appreciable quantities.  Some, therefore, are completely saponifiable, while others (pseudo-esters) are virtually unsaponifiable.

        IWAMOTE, T.  See abs. 3199.

        IWAMURA, E.  See abs. 2205.

        IWAO, M.  See abs. 1927, 1928, 1929.