1107.    FROST, A. V., IVANNIKOV, P. Y., SHAPIRO, M. I., AND ZOLOTOV, M. N.  [Structure and Genesis of Methanol Catalysts.]  Acta Physicochim.  U.R.S.S., vol. 1, 1934, pp. 511-520; Chem. Abs., vol. 29, 1935, p. 6711.

       With various Zn-Cu catalysts under the experimental conditions of Frolich and others (abs. 1100), the composition of the reaction products changed at 369° as observed by them.  At 305° and 337° the composition of the products was quite different.  The activity of the catalysts decreased only very slowly.  Lattice dimensions did not change with the composition of the catalyst, c=5.198±0.004 A. and c/a=1.602±0.002.  Microscopic and x-ray determination of various preparations of ZnO showed that the crystal size changed from 0.8X10-4 cm. on changing the 3-hr. annealing temperature from 110° to 1,300°, and that the adsorptive capacity toward methylene blue was approximately inversely proportional to the crystal size, while the catalytic activity fell still more rapidly.  A study of ZnO·Cr2O3 catalysts in the ratios 3.2:1 and 1:1 obtained, respectively, by joint precipitation and by simple mixing, showed that the size of the crystal of the 1st was always about ¼ that of pure ZnO crystals, while the latter always gave the same size, 0.9 μ, as for pure Cr2O3 on annealing at any temperature above 110°.  X-ray analysis showed spinel formation.  The catalytic activity decreased rapidly as the annealing temperature was raised with ZnO, 3.2 ZnO·CrO3 and ZnO·Cr2O3 but was constant for pure Cr2O3, except above 900°.  For a given treatment 3.2 ZnO·Cr2O3 was always more active catalytically, as measured by MeOH decomposition, than pure ZnO.  The greatest difference was obtained about 100° below the temperature of rapid spinel formation and was attributed to the production of distortions or “Lockerstellen” later stabilized into the crystal.