220.    ---------------. [ BERTHELOT, C.] [Evolution of Semicarbonization and the Manufacture of Synthetic Carburants.]  Génie Civil, vol. 106, 1935, pp. 353-357, 384-387; Chem. Abs., vol. 29, 1935, p. 8293.

                  Comparison, with drawings, of modern practice in France, England, and Germany is presented.  Germany will be able to make 500,000 tons of motor fuel annually by the Bergius process at Oppau, and 100,000 tons by the Fischer-Tropsch process.  State experimental hydrogenation plants are to be laid down in France.  The present trend in the synthetic preparation of motor fuels is outlined, the heavy capital investment required by the Bergius process is mentioned, and the need for subsidies to cover the difference between the cost of natural and synthetic fuels is emphasized.  Attention is drawn to the attractive features of the Fischer process, particularly its operation at atmospheric pressure and relatively low temperatures, its moderate capital cost, and its utilization of existing coke ovens.  On the other hand, the octane number of the fuel produced is from 47 to 62, requiring antiknock additions.